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Waterproof agent

IntroductionWaterproof agents are chemical treatments applied to textiles, leather, and other m

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Introduction

Waterproof agents are chemical treatments applied to textiles, leather, and other materials to impart water-repellent or waterproof properties. These agents form a protective barrier that prevents liquid penetration while maintaining breathability. Below is a detailed technical breakdown.

Key Properties of Waterproof Agents

PropertyBeskrivning
Chemical BaseFluoropolymers, silicones, wax emulsions, or PU-based coatings
FormLiquid emulsion, spray, or solvent-based solution
HydrophobicityContact angle >90° (high water repellency)
DurabilityWash-resistant (durable) or temporary (non-durable)
BreathabilityVaries (microporous coatings allow vapor transmission)
Curing Temperature120–180°C (heat-cured) or ambient drying


Common Application Methods

MethodProcessSuitable Materials
PaddingFabric immersed, then squeezed and driedWoven fabrics, nonwovens
SprayingEvenly applied via spray nozzleGarments, footwear
CoatingRoller or knife-coating for thick layersTarps, technical textiles
ExhaustAdded in dyeing bath for uniform treatmentKnits, synthetic fabrics


Performance Comparison

ParameterUntreated FabricTreated Fabric
Water Repellency0 (absorbs water)4–5 (beading)
Wash ResistanceN/A10–50+ washes*
Air PermeabilityHighModerate to high
Hand FeelNaturalSlightly stiffer

Depends on agent type and curing method.

Advantages & Limitations

FördelarLimitations
✔ Prevents water penetration❌ May reduce fabric breathability
✔ Enhances stain resistance❌ Higher cost for fluoropolymer types
✔ Extends product lifespan❌ Requires heat curing for durability
✔ Eco-friendly options available❌ Temporary treatments wash off easily


Selection Criteria

FactorConsideration
Material TypeCotton, polyester, and blends may require different formulations
End UseOutdoor gear (high durability) vs. fashion (softer handle)
Environmental ImpactPFAS-free options preferred for sustainability
ProcessingPadding for bulk treatment vs. spraying for localized application


Conclusion

Waterproof agents enhance functionality in textiles by providing water resistance without compromising durability. The choice of agent depends on material type, desired performance, and environmental considerations. Proper application ensures long-lasting protection while maintaining fabric comfort.

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