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Propane

IntroductionCategoryDetailsPhysical Properties– Chemical Formula: C₃H₈– Molecular Weight:

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Introduction

CategoryDetails
Physical Properties– Chemical Formula: C₃H₈

– Molecular Weight: 44.1 g/mol

– Density (Gas): 1.882 kg/m³ (0°C, 1 atm); (Liquid): 580 kg/m³ (-42°C)

– Boiling Point: -42.1°C (231.1 K)

– Autoignition Temperature: 470°C (878°F)

– Explosive Range: 2.1–9.5% volume in air
Technical Specifications– Purity: 95–99% (commercial grade); ≤0.1% H₂O/H₂S (high-purity)

– Pressure: 138 bar (20°C, liquid in cylinders); 8.5 bar (vapor at 25°C)

– Cylinder Sizes: 10 kg, 35 kg, 100 kg (portable); 6.000–18.000 gallons (bulk storage)

– Valve Types: POL (US), DIN 477 (EU), and ASME (industrial)

– Flow Rate: 0.5–50 kg/h (adjustable via regulator)

– Purity Analysis: GC-FID (Gas Chromatography with Flame Ionization Detector)
Key Applications– Residential/Commercial: BBQ grills, heating, and hot water systems

– Automotive: LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) vehicles

– Industrial: Oxy-fuel cutting/welding, boiler fuel, and petrochemical feedstock

– Refrigeration: Low-temperature applications (-45°C to -50°C)

– Aerosol Propellant: Non-flammable formulations (with CO₂/N₂)
Safety Data– CAS No.: 74-98-6

– UN Number: 1075 (liquefied)

– NFPA 704: Health 1. Flammability 4. Reactivity 0

– Fire Risk: Extinguish with dry chemical/CO₂; avoid water spray (may freeze)

– Leak Detection: Use hydrocarbon sniffer tools (avoid open flames)
Storage & Handling– Pressure Vessels: ASME-certified cylinders (≤15 years service life)

– Ventilation: Ensure ≥20 air changes/hour in enclosed storage areas

– Temperature: Store below 40°C; avoid direct sunlight

– Bulk Tanks: Buried or above-ground installations with corrosion protection
Certifications– ASTM D1835: LPG specifications (purity, odorization)

– ISO 9001: Quality management systems for production/distribution

– OSHA 29 CFR 1910: Flammable liquids/gases regulations
Environmental Impact– Greenhouse Gas: GWP ≈20 (CO₂ equivalent over 20 years)

– Ozone Depletion: Zero (replaced CFCs in refrigeration)

– Leak Mitigation: Vapor recovery systems for bulk storage
Kvalitetskontroll– Traceability: Lot-specific MSDS and gas chromatography reports

– Odorization: Ethyl mercaptan (0.1–1 ppm) for leak detection

– Shelf Life: Indefinite if stored in sealed cylinders (pressure loss ≤1%/year)
 

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